Java Application as a Windows Service

I was looking up some way to turn a Java application into a Windows service.

In Linux/Unix, it's much simpler since all you need to do is specify a command with all arguments, which in our case is the JVM executable java.exe with the class or Java archive name as a parameter.

In Windows, we would use a product like the Java Service Wrapper or the Java Service Launcher to launch the application whenever Windows starts up, without requiring the user to log in.
I haven't tried either of those products yet since I'm not currently into Java development, but when I do I'll post more about them here.

.NET Remoting over TCP

Remoting in .NET is quite similar to RMI in Java. To begin with, we need an object that has the methods we would be executing on the server-side. This object inherits from MarshalByRefObject. This indicates that the client does not get a copy of the object but rather a reference to the remote object. We then have a hosting process and a client process.

In our example, the hosting process creates a new instance of the TcpChannel class (pass the TCP port number to the constructor of TcpChannel for the server hosting process) and registers the object using ChannelServices.RegisterChannel. Then, the class we are hosting has to be registered using the RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType method - it takes the type of our class as the first parameter, the registration name as the second parameter and the object mode (singleton & single call modes) as the third parameter. When creating a console application, we would usually add a Console.ReadLine statement at the end of the application to prevent it from exiting.

The client application would create and register an instance of TcpChannel. Then, obtain an instance of the class hosted on the server using Activator.GetObject - with the type of the class as the first parameter and the URL (Example: tcp://localhost:8080/my_service) as the second parameter. You can now call methods on the object as you would for a normal object.

Type Forwarding

Type Forwarding enables client applications to refer to a library at compile time for a type that is later moved to another library.

Example:
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
[assembly:TypeForwardedTo(typeof(DestinationLib.TheType))]

The IFormattable interface

Implementing the IFormattable interface let's you do much more with the ToString() method if you're developing text-based applications or are trying to create strings out of object fields.

To implement the IFormattable interface, you have to create a ToString method that accepts a format string and an IFormatProvider object. The IFormatProvider object isn't relevant but the format string can be used, such as to return only one field of an object. Here's a sample implementation:

class TimeInterval : IFormattable {

...

public override string ToString() {
return ToString(null, null);
}

public string ToString (string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider) {
if (format == null) {
return this.Hour.ToString() + ":" + this.Minute.ToString();
} else if (format == "h") {
return this.Hour.ToString();
} else if (format == "m") {
return this.Minute.ToString();
} else throw new Exception("Invalid format specified");
}
}

To use the new method, you could provide a format string to either string.Format or Console.WriteLine. Example:
TimeInterval timeInterval = new TimeInterval();
Console.WriteLine("{0:h} hours and {0:m} minutes", timeInterval);
Console.WriteLine("{0,2:h}:{0,2:m}", timeInterval); //the ",2" specifies the minimum number of characters in the resulting string - if positive, the output is left-padded, otherwise it is right-padded

Common Interfaces

The following are some common interfaces implemented by user-defined types:

IComparable: This is required for sorting.

IDisposable: This is used for manually disposing an object

IConvertible: This provides conversion to a base type

ICloneable: This is to provide a copy for an object

IEquatable: This is used when comparison of objects using "==" is required

IFormattable: This is used to convert an object into a formatted string (rather than use the base ToString method)

Group chat coming soon in GoogleTalk

Google has a GoogleTalk gadget web client accessible from it's website at http://www.google.com/talk . It features Group chat but the downside is that it doesn't receive offline messages. As a friend from the old country would say, you've got to pick what suits the moment.

If it's any indicate of what's to come, we should see Group Chat in the GoogleTalk client sometime soon.

RSS vs Atom

RSS and Atom are both used to publish news feeds (summarized content used by readers to track content changes). Both are quite popular, although RSS has received more attention than Atom. RSS is a specification by the Harvard University, whereas Atom is an RFC by the IETF and IESG.

I read a pretty interesting comparison of the two at:
http://www.intertwingly.net/wiki/pie/Rss20AndAtom10Compared